[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":841},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:can-velocity":45,"glossary-related:can-velocity":203},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":51,"category":77,"description":185,"extension":186,"meta":187,"navigation":188,"path":189,"relatedTerms":190,"seo":194,"sources":197,"stem":201,"term":47,"__hash__":202},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fcan-velocity.md","Can velocity",[49,50],"upward can velocity","interstitial velocity",{"type":52,"value":53,"toc":178},"minimark",[54,83,88,96,138,142,150,154],[55,56,57,60,61,64,65,67,68,73,74,78,79,82],"p",{},[58,59,47],"strong",{}," (also ",[62,63,49],"em",{}," or ",[62,66,50],{},") is the upward gas velocity in the space between ",[69,70,72],"a",{"href":71},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffilter-bag","filter bags"," inside a ",[69,75,77],{"href":76},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse","baghouse"," compartment. It is calculated as the gas flow into the compartment divided by the ",[62,80,81],{},"open"," cross-sectional area between bags (compartment area minus bag-and-cage area).",[84,85,87],"h2",{"id":86},"why-it-matters","Why it matters",[55,89,90,91,95],{},"Cake released from a bag during cleaning falls vertically into the hopper. If the upward can velocity is too high, the falling cake is re-entrained back up onto adjacent bags, defeating the cleaning cycle and raising ",[69,92,94],{"href":93},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdifferential-pressure-baghouse","differential pressure",". Typical design limits:",[97,98,99,112],"table",{},[100,101,102],"thead",{},[103,104,105,109],"tr",{},[106,107,108],"th",{},"Cleaning system",[106,110,111],{},"Max can velocity",[113,114,115,127],"tbody",{},[103,116,117,124],{},[118,119,120],"td",{},[69,121,123],{"href":122},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse","Pulse-jet",[118,125,126],{},"1.5–2.5 m\u002Fs",[103,128,129,135],{},[118,130,131],{},[69,132,134],{"href":133},"\u002Fglossary\u002Freverse-air-baghouse","Reverse-air",[118,136,137],{},"0.6–1.0 m\u002Fs (compartment offline during cleaning, so the limit applies only between cleans)",[84,139,141],{"id":140},"relationship-to-ac-ratio","Relationship to A\u002FC ratio",[55,143,144,145,149],{},"Can velocity rises with ",[69,146,148],{"href":147},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fair-to-cloth-ratio","air-to-cloth ratio"," and falls with bag spacing. Designers tune both together: a high A\u002FC only works if bag spacing is wide enough to keep can velocity in range.",[84,151,153],{"id":152},"related-terms","Related terms",[155,156,157,163,168,173],"ul",{},[158,159,160],"li",{},[69,161,162],{"href":147},"Air-to-cloth ratio",[158,164,165],{},[69,166,167],{"href":76},"Baghouse",[158,169,170],{},[69,171,172],{"href":71},"Filter bag",[158,174,175],{},[69,176,177],{"href":122},"Pulse-jet baghouse",{"title":179,"searchDepth":180,"depth":180,"links":181},"",2,[182,183,184],{"id":86,"depth":180,"text":87},{"id":140,"depth":180,"text":141},{"id":152,"depth":180,"text":153},"Can velocity (also upward can velocity or interstitial velocity) is the upward gas velocity in the space between filter bags inside a baghouse compartment. It is calculated as the gas flow into the compartment divided by the open cross-sectional area between bags (compartment area minus bag-and-cage area).","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcan-velocity",[191,77,192,193],"air-to-cloth-ratio","filter-bag","pulse-jet-baghouse",{"title":195,"description":196},"Can velocity — upward gas velocity between filter bags","Can velocity is the upward gas velocity in the space between filter bags. High can velocity re-entrains just-released cake; design limits are around 1.5–2.5 m\u002Fs.",[198],{"title":199,"url":200},"Wikipedia — Baghouse","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaghouse","glossary\u002Fcan-velocity","RAoOy2IlIkOXsJa0BZLP648hJtl0qg1Dolza-WltTNU",[204,387,507,728],{"id":205,"title":162,"aliases":206,"body":210,"category":77,"description":373,"extension":186,"meta":374,"navigation":188,"path":147,"relatedTerms":375,"seo":380,"sources":383,"stem":385,"term":162,"__hash__":386},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fair-to-cloth-ratio.md",[207,208,209],"A\u002FC ratio","filter velocity","filtration velocity",{"type":52,"value":211,"toc":367},[212,235,239,293,297,329,333,340,342],[55,213,214,217,218,220,221,225,226,229,230,234],{},[58,215,216],{},"Air-to-cloth (A\u002FC) ratio"," is the volumetric gas flow rate divided by the total available filtration area of the ",[69,219,72],{"href":71},", expressed as a velocity (m\u002Fmin or ft\u002Fmin). It is the primary sizing parameter for a ",[69,222,224],{"href":223},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter","fabric filter",": higher A\u002FC means a smaller, cheaper baghouse, but also higher ",[69,227,228],{"href":93},"ΔP",", shorter bag life and greater ",[69,231,233],{"href":232},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbag-blinding","blinding"," risk.",[84,236,238],{"id":237},"typical-bands","Typical bands",[97,240,241,253],{},[100,242,243],{},[103,244,245,247,250],{},[106,246,108],{},[106,248,249],{},"A\u002FC ratio (m\u002Fmin)",[106,251,252],{},"A\u002FC ratio (ft\u002Fmin)",[113,254,255,267,279],{},[103,256,257,261,264],{},[118,258,259],{},[69,260,123],{"href":122},[118,262,263],{},"1.0–2.5",[118,265,266],{},"3–8",[103,268,269,273,276],{},[118,270,271],{},[69,272,134],{"href":133},[118,274,275],{},"0.3–0.8",[118,277,278],{},"1–2.5",[103,280,281,287,290],{},[118,282,283],{},[69,284,286],{"href":285},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fshaker-baghouse","Shaker",[118,288,289],{},"0.5–1.0",[118,291,292],{},"1.5–3",[84,294,296],{"id":295},"what-pushes-the-design-choice","What pushes the design choice",[155,298,299,305,311,317,323],{},[158,300,301,304],{},[58,302,303],{},"Sticky or hygroscopic dust"," — lower A\u002FC (more bag area per unit gas flow)",[158,306,307,310],{},[58,308,309],{},"High temperature"," — lower A\u002FC (preserve bag life)",[158,312,313,316],{},[58,314,315],{},"Capex pressure"," — higher A\u002FC (smaller baghouse)",[158,318,319,322],{},[58,320,321],{},"Strict outlet limits"," — lower A\u002FC (better filtration margin)",[158,324,325,328],{},[58,326,327],{},"PTFE membrane media"," — higher A\u002FC tolerated (surface filtration not penalised)",[84,330,332],{"id":331},"why-operators-monitor-effective-ac","Why operators monitor effective A\u002FC",[55,334,335,336,339],{},"If compartments are offline for cleaning or bag replacement, the ",[62,337,338],{},"effective"," A\u002FC through the remaining online bags rises. A baghouse designed for 1.5 m\u002Fmin can rapidly approach 2.0 m\u002Fmin when two of eight compartments are isolated — which is one reason planned outages are sequenced carefully.",[84,341,153],{"id":152},[155,343,344,349,353,357,362],{},[158,345,346],{},[69,347,348],{"href":223},"Fabric filter",[158,350,351],{},[69,352,172],{"href":71},[158,354,355],{},[69,356,47],{"href":189},[158,358,359],{},[69,360,361],{"href":232},"Bag blinding",[158,363,364],{},[69,365,366],{"href":93},"Differential pressure (baghouse)",{"title":179,"searchDepth":180,"depth":180,"links":368},[369,370,371,372],{"id":237,"depth":180,"text":238},{"id":295,"depth":180,"text":296},{"id":331,"depth":180,"text":332},{"id":152,"depth":180,"text":153},"Air-to-cloth (A\u002FC) ratio is the volumetric gas flow rate divided by the total available filtration area of the filter bags, expressed as a velocity (m\u002Fmin or ft\u002Fmin). It is the primary sizing parameter for a fabric filter: higher A\u002FC means a smaller, cheaper baghouse, but also higher ΔP, shorter bag life and greater blinding risk.",{},[376,192,377,378,379],"fabric-filter","can-velocity","bag-blinding","differential-pressure-baghouse",{"title":381,"description":382},"Air-to-cloth ratio (A\u002FC) — the core baghouse sizing parameter","Air-to-cloth ratio is the gas volumetric flow rate divided by total bag filtration area. It is the primary baghouse sizing parameter and a strong predictor of bag life and ΔP.",[384],{"title":199,"url":200},"glossary\u002Fair-to-cloth-ratio","wvRIAfCxMLIAAN3244LAOx9AeZlOArQ5T47ym3QR8Hc",{"id":388,"title":167,"aliases":389,"body":393,"category":77,"description":493,"extension":186,"meta":494,"navigation":188,"path":76,"relatedTerms":495,"seo":500,"sources":503,"stem":505,"term":167,"__hash__":506},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse.md",[390,391,392],"baghouses","bag filter house","dust collector house",{"type":52,"value":394,"toc":488},[395,414,418,430,434,437,454,456],[55,396,397,398,400,401,405,406,410,411,413],{},"A ",[58,399,77],{}," is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, ",[69,402,404],{"href":403},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ftubesheet","tubesheet",", ",[69,407,409],{"href":408},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fplenum-clean-side-dirty-side","plenums"," and hoppers of a ",[69,412,376],{"href":223}," dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",[84,415,417],{"id":416},"compartmented-design","Compartmented design",[55,419,420,421,424,425,429],{},"Large industrial baghouses are subdivided into several compartments — each with its own gas-flow damper — so that one compartment can be isolated for offline cleaning or bag replacement while the rest stay online. The standard ",[69,422,423],{"href":122},"pulse-jet"," compartment count for utility duty is 8–16; cement and ",[69,426,428],{"href":427},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaste-to-energy","WtE"," baghouses may run 20+.",[84,431,433],{"id":432},"why-sonic-horns-help","Why sonic horns help",[55,435,436],{},"Sonic horns mounted at compartment level address fouling that the primary cleaning system (pulse-jet, reverse-air or shaker) cannot reach:",[155,438,439,442,448,451],{},[158,440,441],{},"Bag-row dead zones at the back of the compartment",[158,443,444,447],{},[69,445,446],{"href":403},"Tubesheet"," area dust deposits",[158,449,450],{},"Hopper bridging below the bags",[158,452,453],{},"Inlet-plenum dust dropout",[84,455,153],{"id":152},[155,457,458,462,466,471,476,482],{},[158,459,460],{},[69,461,348],{"href":223},[158,463,464],{},[69,465,177],{"href":122},[158,467,468],{},[69,469,470],{"href":133},"Reverse-air baghouse",[158,472,473],{},[69,474,475],{"href":285},"Shaker baghouse",[158,477,478],{},[69,479,481],{"href":480},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcompartment-isolation","Compartment isolation",[158,483,484],{},[69,485,487],{"href":486},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","Sonic horn",{"title":179,"searchDepth":180,"depth":180,"links":489},[490,491,492],{"id":416,"depth":180,"text":417},{"id":432,"depth":180,"text":433},{"id":152,"depth":180,"text":153},"A baghouse is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, tubesheet, plenums and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",{},[376,193,496,497,498,499],"reverse-air-baghouse","shaker-baghouse","compartment-isolation","sonic-horn",{"title":501,"description":502},"Baghouse — vessel that houses fabric-filter bags for industrial dust control","A baghouse is the structural enclosure that holds the bags, cages, tubesheet, cleaning system and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. Sized in compartments for online isolation.",[504],{"title":199,"url":200},"glossary\u002Fbaghouse","TraeRQp5lNGOrkFkwjsoYRrhIIRrMkFonwryXyc1wGw",{"id":508,"title":172,"aliases":509,"body":511,"category":77,"description":714,"extension":186,"meta":715,"navigation":188,"path":71,"relatedTerms":716,"seo":721,"sources":724,"stem":726,"term":172,"__hash__":727},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Ffilter-bag.md",[72,510],"bag (baghouse)",{"type":52,"value":512,"toc":709},[513,530,534,547,640,644,677,679],[55,514,397,515,518,519,521,522,524,525,529],{},[58,516,517],{},"filter bag"," is the cylindrical fabric sock that traps particulate inside a ",[69,520,224],{"href":223},". Bags are typically 120–300 mm in diameter and 2–10 m long, suspended vertically from the ",[69,523,404],{"href":403},", supported internally by a wire ",[69,526,528],{"href":527},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbag-cage","bag cage"," and sealed at the top by a snap-band collar.",[84,531,533],{"id":532},"media-selection","Media selection",[55,535,536,537,541,542,546],{},"Bag media must match the application temperature, gas chemistry, dust load and cleaning system. See ",[69,538,540],{"href":539},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fp84-nomex-ryton-filter-media","P84 \u002F Nomex \u002F Ryton filter media"," and ",[69,543,545],{"href":544},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fptfe-membrane-filter-bag","PTFE membrane filter bag",".",[97,548,549,562],{},[100,550,551],{},[103,552,553,556,559],{},[106,554,555],{},"Material",[106,557,558],{},"Max continuous temp",[106,560,561],{},"Typical use",[113,563,564,575,586,597,608,619,630],{},[103,565,566,569,572],{},[118,567,568],{},"Polyester",[118,570,571],{},"135 °C",[118,573,574],{},"Cement, food, light industrial",[103,576,577,580,583],{},[118,578,579],{},"Polypropylene",[118,581,582],{},"90 °C",[118,584,585],{},"Wet chemistry, washdown",[103,587,588,591,594],{},[118,589,590],{},"Nomex (aramid)",[118,592,593],{},"200 °C",[118,595,596],{},"Asphalt, metallurgical",[103,598,599,602,605],{},[118,600,601],{},"P84 (polyimide)",[118,603,604],{},"240 °C",[118,606,607],{},"Cement, biomass",[103,609,610,613,616],{},[118,611,612],{},"Ryton (PPS)",[118,614,615],{},"190 °C",[118,617,618],{},"Coal-fired utility, sulphur-rich",[103,620,621,624,627],{},[118,622,623],{},"Fibreglass",[118,625,626],{},"260 °C",[118,628,629],{},"Cement, WtE high-temperature",[103,631,632,635,637],{},[118,633,634],{},"PTFE (Teflon)",[118,636,626],{},[118,638,639],{},"Aggressive chemistry, sub-mg outlet",[84,641,643],{"id":642},"failure-modes","Failure modes",[155,645,646,653,659,665,671],{},[158,647,648,652],{},[58,649,650],{},[69,651,361],{"href":232}," — pore choking that raises ΔP",[158,654,655,658],{},[58,656,657],{},"Abrasion"," — wear at the bottom of the bag from falling cake",[158,660,661,664],{},[58,662,663],{},"Thermal degradation"," — exceeding the media's continuous-service rating",[158,666,667,670],{},[58,668,669],{},"Hydrolysis \u002F acid attack"," — at the cold end below the acid dew point",[158,672,673,676],{},[58,674,675],{},"Cage corrosion"," — failure of the cage allows bag collapse",[84,678,153],{"id":152},[155,680,681,685,689,694,699,705],{},[158,682,683],{},[69,684,348],{"href":223},[158,686,687],{},[69,688,167],{"href":76},[158,690,691],{},[69,692,693],{"href":527},"Bag cage",[158,695,696],{},[69,697,698],{"href":544},"PTFE-membrane filter bag",[158,700,701],{},[69,702,704],{"href":703},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffibreglass-filter-bag","Fibreglass filter bag",[158,706,707],{},[69,708,361],{"href":232},{"title":179,"searchDepth":180,"depth":180,"links":710},[711,712,713],{"id":532,"depth":180,"text":533},{"id":642,"depth":180,"text":643},{"id":152,"depth":180,"text":153},"A filter bag is the cylindrical fabric sock that traps particulate inside a fabric filter. Bags are typically 120–300 mm in diameter and 2–10 m long, suspended vertically from the tubesheet, supported internally by a wire bag cage and sealed at the top by a snap-band collar.",{},[376,77,717,718,719,720,378],"bag-cage","ptfe-membrane-filter-bag","fibreglass-filter-bag","p84-nomex-ryton-filter-media",{"title":722,"description":723},"Filter bag — the cylindrical fabric element of a baghouse","A filter bag is the cylindrical fabric sock that traps particulate inside a fabric filter. Media selection depends on temperature, gas chemistry, dust load and cleaning cycle.",[725],{"title":199,"url":200},"glossary\u002Ffilter-bag","c5qm1D9QdtuF4K2dtGAjDJ_qJJmuF0iuEqVTUcRXqww",{"id":729,"title":177,"aliases":730,"body":734,"category":77,"description":827,"extension":186,"meta":828,"navigation":188,"path":122,"relatedTerms":829,"seo":831,"sources":834,"stem":839,"term":177,"__hash__":840},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse.md",[731,732,733],"pulse jet baghouse","pulse-jet filter","PJBH",{"type":52,"value":735,"toc":822},[736,748,752,769,773,776,790,797,799],[55,737,397,738,741,742,744,745,747],{},[58,739,740],{},"pulse-jet baghouse"," is a ",[69,743,224],{"href":223}," design in which each ",[69,746,517],{"href":71}," is cleaned by a brief, high-pressure pulse of compressed air directed downwards into the open top of the bag. The pulse momentarily reverses the gas flow through the bag wall, dislodges the dust cake, and lets it fall into the hopper. Pulse-jet is the dominant industrial baghouse design for new installations.",[84,749,751],{"id":750},"how-a-pulse-jet-cycle-runs","How a pulse-jet cycle runs",[55,753,754,755,757,758,760,761,764,765,546],{},"Solenoid valves on a manifold above the ",[69,756,404],{"href":403}," fire one row at a time, typically every 1–10 minutes during normal operation, more often when ",[69,759,94],{"href":93}," climbs. Pulse duration is 100–300 ms at 4–7 bar. The cleaning is ",[62,762,763],{},"online",": the rest of the baghouse continues filtering during each pulse. See ",[69,766,768],{"href":767},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-cleaning-cycle","pulse-jet cleaning cycle",[84,770,772],{"id":771},"where-pulse-jet-underperforms","Where pulse-jet underperforms",[55,774,775],{},"Pulse-jet cleaning is highly effective on the bag surface directly under the venturi nozzle, but weaker on:",[155,777,778,781,784,787],{},[158,779,780],{},"Bag rows at the back of the compartment, furthest from the manifold",[158,782,783],{},"The top and bottom inches of each bag where the pulse loses momentum",[158,785,786],{},"Tubesheet area between rows where airborne dust resettles",[158,788,789],{},"Compartment hoppers, which the pulse cannot reach at all",[55,791,792,793,796],{},"Adding ",[69,794,795],{"href":486},"sonic horns"," at the compartment roof and at the hopper wall closes these gaps, reducing total compressed-air consumption per kg of dust cleaned and extending bag life.",[84,798,153],{"id":152},[155,800,801,805,809,814,818],{},[158,802,803],{},[69,804,167],{"href":76},[158,806,807],{},[69,808,172],{"href":71},[158,810,811],{},[69,812,813],{"href":767},"Pulse-jet cleaning cycle",[158,815,816],{},[69,817,366],{"href":93},[158,819,820],{},[69,821,487],{"href":486},{"title":179,"searchDepth":180,"depth":180,"links":823},[824,825,826],{"id":750,"depth":180,"text":751},{"id":771,"depth":180,"text":772},{"id":152,"depth":180,"text":153},"A pulse-jet baghouse is a fabric filter design in which each filter bag is cleaned by a brief, high-pressure pulse of compressed air directed downwards into the open top of the bag. The pulse momentarily reverses the gas flow through the bag wall, dislodges the dust cake, and lets it fall into the hopper. Pulse-jet is the dominant industrial baghouse design for new installations.",{},[77,192,830,379,499],"pulse-jet-cleaning-cycle",{"title":832,"description":833},"Pulse-jet baghouse — short reverse-pulse cleaning while online","A pulse-jet baghouse cleans bags with brief, high-pressure reverse-air pulses while staying on-line. The dominant industrial fabric-filter design for new installations.",[835,836],{"title":199,"url":200},{"title":837,"url":838},"Micronics — Sonic Horns for Baghouses","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.micronicsinc.com\u002Fdry-baghouse-filtration\u002Fparts\u002Fbaghouse-accessories\u002Fsonic-horns\u002F","glossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse","oII2ot9x7DDD5B_k0HtTsFgDF5ZIGi7x0O0Qc826Jlo",1782613721146]