[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":499},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-footer-common":3,"glossary:basic-oxygen-furnace":45,"glossary-related:basic-oxygen-furnace":179},{"id":4,"extension":5,"footer":6,"meta":40,"navbar":41,"stem":43,"__hash__":44},"common\u002Fcommon.yml","yml",{"tagline":7,"links":8,"sections":9},"Acoustic cleaning intelligence for industrial fouling, soot, ash, dust and build-up.",[],[10,19,31],{"title":11,"links":12},"Product",[13,16],{"label":14,"to":15},"How it works","\u002F#product",{"label":17,"to":18},"Cost assessment","\u002F#hero",{"title":20,"links":21},"Company",[22,25,28],{"label":23,"to":24},"What we build","\u002F#about",{"label":26,"to":27},"Careers","\u002F#careers",{"label":29,"to":30},"Contact","\u002F#contact",{"title":32,"links":33},"Resources",[34,37],{"label":35,"to":36},"Blog","\u002Fresources\u002Fblog",{"label":38,"to":39},"Glossary","\u002Fglossary",{},{"links":42},[],"common","YocmZRy1AYfBbpgGVms-zhdiABlF8VTxHx6h4rDmZBA",{"id":46,"title":47,"aliases":48,"body":52,"category":159,"description":160,"extension":161,"meta":162,"navigation":163,"path":164,"relatedTerms":165,"seo":169,"sources":172,"stem":176,"term":177,"__hash__":178},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbasic-oxygen-furnace.md","Basic oxygen furnace (BOF)",[49,50,51],"BOF","LD converter","basic oxygen steelmaking",{"type":53,"value":54,"toc":152},"minimark",[55,68,73,76,98,102,122,129,133],[56,57,58,59,63,64,67],"p",{},"A ",[60,61,62],"strong",{},"basic oxygen furnace (BOF)"," — historically the ",[65,66,50],"em",{}," after the Linz-Donawitz process — refines molten pig iron from the blast furnace into steel by blowing high-purity oxygen onto the bath through a water-cooled lance. Each \"heat\" takes 30–45 minutes and produces 250–300 tonnes of steel.",[69,70,72],"h2",{"id":71},"off-gas","Off-gas",[56,74,75],{},"BOF off-gas is intermittent, very high-temperature (>1,600 °C at the converter mouth) and dust-laden. Two cleaning approaches:",[77,78,79,86],"ul",{},[80,81,82,85],"li",{},[60,83,84],{},"Suppressed combustion"," — gas is collected as fuel after partial cleaning",[80,87,88,91,92,97],{},[60,89,90],{},"Open combustion"," — gas is combusted in a ",[93,94,96],"a",{"href":95},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaste-heat-boiler","waste-heat boiler"," and the products cleaned in an ESP or baghouse",[69,99,101],{"id":100},"cleaning-targets","Cleaning targets",[77,103,104,110,116],{},[80,105,106,109],{},[60,107,108],{},"Primary BOF baghouse hopper"," — fine iron-oxide dust",[80,111,112,115],{},[60,113,114],{},"Secondary BOF baghouse"," — fume capture during charging, tapping and slag operations",[80,117,118,121],{},[60,119,120],{},"Waste-heat boiler convective pass"," (open-combustion designs)",[56,123,124,128],{},[93,125,127],{"href":126},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fsonic-horn","Sonic horns"," on BOF baghouse hoppers are increasingly specified to defend against the bridging risk associated with fine, hot iron-oxide dust.",[69,130,132],{"id":131},"related-terms","Related terms",[77,134,135,141,147],{},[80,136,137],{},[93,138,140],{"href":139},"\u002Fglossary\u002Felectric-arc-furnace","Electric arc furnace (EAF)",[80,142,143],{},[93,144,146],{"href":145},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse","Baghouse",[80,148,149],{},[93,150,151],{"href":95},"Waste-heat boiler",{"title":153,"searchDepth":154,"depth":154,"links":155},"",2,[156,157,158],{"id":71,"depth":154,"text":72},{"id":100,"depth":154,"text":101},{"id":131,"depth":154,"text":132},"steel-refining","A basic oxygen furnace (BOF) — historically the LD converter after the Linz-Donawitz process — refines molten pig iron from the blast furnace into steel by blowing high-purity oxygen onto the bath through a water-cooled lance. Each \"heat\" takes 30–45 minutes and produces 250–300 tonnes of steel.","md",{},true,"\u002Fglossary\u002Fbasic-oxygen-furnace",[166,167,168],"electric-arc-furnace","baghouse","waste-heat-boiler",{"title":170,"description":171},"Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) — primary steelmaking from molten iron","A BOF blows pure oxygen onto molten pig iron to refine it into steel. Off-gas dust collection is high-temperature, intermittent and demanding.",[173],{"title":174,"url":175},"Wikipedia — Basic oxygen steelmaking","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBasic_oxygen_steelmaking","glossary\u002Fbasic-oxygen-furnace","Basic oxygen furnace","0YK1JeXjZM5pk3NM-RhOrmWY5585WCcTc-uoivjq5Zc",[180,262,388],{"id":181,"title":140,"aliases":182,"body":186,"category":159,"description":246,"extension":161,"meta":247,"navigation":163,"path":139,"relatedTerms":248,"seo":252,"sources":255,"stem":259,"term":260,"__hash__":261},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Felectric-arc-furnace.md",[183,184,185],"EAF","arc furnace","DC arc furnace",{"type":53,"value":187,"toc":241},[188,200,204,210,214,219,221],[56,189,190,191,194,195,199],{},"An ",[60,192,193],{},"electric arc furnace (EAF)"," melts steel scrap and ",[93,196,198],{"href":197},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fdirect-reduced-iron","direct reduced iron (DRI)"," in a refractory-lined vessel using a high-current electric arc between graphite electrodes and the metal bath. EAF steelmaking is the dominant route in scrap-rich economies (US, Italy, Türkiye, parts of South-East Asia) and is the primary growth path for low-carbon steel via \"mini-mill\" production.",[69,201,203],{"id":202},"fume-capture-and-cleaning","Fume capture and cleaning",[56,205,206,207,209],{},"EAF off-gas leaves the furnace through a fourth-hole evacuation duct, is combined with secondary canopy hood emissions, and is collected at a large ",[93,208,167],{"href":145}," — typical capacity 1,000–3,000 m³\u002Fs. The baghouse compartments handle fine ferrous and non-ferrous oxide dust at temperatures of 80–150 °C.",[69,211,213],{"id":212},"sonic-horn-duty","Sonic-horn duty",[56,215,216,218],{},[93,217,127],{"href":126}," on EAF baghouse compartment roofs and hoppers prevent fine-dust bridging. The hopper duty is particularly demanding because EAF dust contains zinc oxide (from galvanised scrap), which is hygroscopic and sticky.",[69,220,132],{"id":131},[77,222,223,227,232,236],{},[80,224,225],{},[93,226,47],{"href":164},[80,228,229],{},[93,230,231],{"href":197},"Direct reduced iron (DRI)",[80,233,234],{},[93,235,146],{"href":145},[80,237,238],{},[93,239,240],{"href":126},"Sonic horn",{"title":153,"searchDepth":154,"depth":154,"links":242},[243,244,245],{"id":202,"depth":154,"text":203},{"id":212,"depth":154,"text":213},{"id":131,"depth":154,"text":132},"An electric arc furnace (EAF) melts steel scrap and direct reduced iron (DRI) in a refractory-lined vessel using a high-current electric arc between graphite electrodes and the metal bath. EAF steelmaking is the dominant route in scrap-rich economies (US, Italy, Türkiye, parts of South-East Asia) and is the primary growth path for low-carbon steel via \"mini-mill\" production.",{},[249,250,167,251],"basic-oxygen-furnace","direct-reduced-iron","sonic-horn",{"title":253,"description":254},"Electric arc furnace (EAF) — scrap-based steelmaking with electric heating","An EAF melts steel scrap and DRI in a refractory-lined vessel using an electric arc. Dust collection is via a roof-evacuation duct to a large baghouse, prone to compartment fouling.",[256],{"title":257,"url":258},"Wikipedia — Electric arc furnace","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FElectric_arc_furnace","glossary\u002Felectric-arc-furnace","Electric arc furnace","IGVrtjmWxkk0gPKwQd8c2UxW2mHpRPsPMkuofdUYDHI",{"id":263,"title":146,"aliases":264,"body":268,"category":167,"description":372,"extension":161,"meta":373,"navigation":163,"path":145,"relatedTerms":374,"seo":379,"sources":382,"stem":386,"term":146,"__hash__":387},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fbaghouse.md",[265,266,267],"baghouses","bag filter house","dust collector house",{"type":53,"value":269,"toc":367},[270,290,294,307,311,314,331,333],[56,271,58,272,274,275,279,280,284,285,289],{},[60,273,167],{}," is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, ",[93,276,278],{"href":277},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ftubesheet","tubesheet",", ",[93,281,283],{"href":282},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fplenum-clean-side-dirty-side","plenums"," and hoppers of a ",[93,286,288],{"href":287},"\u002Fglossary\u002Ffabric-filter","fabric-filter"," dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",[69,291,293],{"id":292},"compartmented-design","Compartmented design",[56,295,296,297,301,302,306],{},"Large industrial baghouses are subdivided into several compartments — each with its own gas-flow damper — so that one compartment can be isolated for offline cleaning or bag replacement while the rest stay online. The standard ",[93,298,300],{"href":299},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fpulse-jet-baghouse","pulse-jet"," compartment count for utility duty is 8–16; cement and ",[93,303,305],{"href":304},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaste-to-energy","WtE"," baghouses may run 20+.",[69,308,310],{"id":309},"why-sonic-horns-help","Why sonic horns help",[56,312,313],{},"Sonic horns mounted at compartment level address fouling that the primary cleaning system (pulse-jet, reverse-air or shaker) cannot reach:",[77,315,316,319,325,328],{},[80,317,318],{},"Bag-row dead zones at the back of the compartment",[80,320,321,324],{},[93,322,323],{"href":277},"Tubesheet"," area dust deposits",[80,326,327],{},"Hopper bridging below the bags",[80,329,330],{},"Inlet-plenum dust dropout",[69,332,132],{"id":131},[77,334,335,340,345,351,357,363],{},[80,336,337],{},[93,338,339],{"href":287},"Fabric filter",[80,341,342],{},[93,343,344],{"href":299},"Pulse-jet baghouse",[80,346,347],{},[93,348,350],{"href":349},"\u002Fglossary\u002Freverse-air-baghouse","Reverse-air baghouse",[80,352,353],{},[93,354,356],{"href":355},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fshaker-baghouse","Shaker baghouse",[80,358,359],{},[93,360,362],{"href":361},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fcompartment-isolation","Compartment isolation",[80,364,365],{},[93,366,240],{"href":126},{"title":153,"searchDepth":154,"depth":154,"links":368},[369,370,371],{"id":292,"depth":154,"text":293},{"id":309,"depth":154,"text":310},{"id":131,"depth":154,"text":132},"A baghouse is the structural enclosure that houses the bags, cages, cleaning system, tubesheet, plenums and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. The word is used in both broad (\"the plant has a 12-compartment baghouse\") and narrow (\"a baghouse is the housing, the fabric filter is the system\") senses; in everyday industry practice the two terms overlap.",{},[288,375,376,377,378,251],"pulse-jet-baghouse","reverse-air-baghouse","shaker-baghouse","compartment-isolation",{"title":380,"description":381},"Baghouse — vessel that houses fabric-filter bags for industrial dust control","A baghouse is the structural enclosure that holds the bags, cages, tubesheet, cleaning system and hoppers of a fabric-filter dust collector. Sized in compartments for online isolation.",[383],{"title":384,"url":385},"Wikipedia — Baghouse","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaghouse","glossary\u002Fbaghouse","TraeRQp5lNGOrkFkwjsoYRrhIIRrMkFonwryXyc1wGw",{"id":389,"title":390,"aliases":391,"body":395,"category":159,"description":484,"extension":161,"meta":485,"navigation":163,"path":95,"relatedTerms":486,"seo":490,"sources":493,"stem":497,"term":151,"__hash__":498},"glossary\u002Fglossary\u002Fwaste-heat-boiler.md","Waste-heat boiler (WHB)",[392,393,394],"WHB","waste heat boiler","process waste-heat boiler",{"type":53,"value":396,"toc":479},[397,416,420,423,448,450,455,457],[56,398,58,399,402,403,407,408,410,411,415],{},[60,400,401],{},"waste-heat boiler (WHB)"," is a tube-bundle steam generator that recovers heat from a process gas stream — typically ",[93,404,406],{"href":405},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fclaus-unit-sulphur-recovery-unit","Claus SRU"," exhaust, sulphuric-acid plant SO₃ converter outlet, ",[93,409,49],{"href":164}," off-gas, or similar process-side energy source — to generate steam for site use. Distinct from a ",[93,412,414],{"href":413},"\u002Fglossary\u002Fheat-recovery-steam-generator","heat-recovery steam generator (HRSG)",", which serves gas-turbine exhaust.",[69,417,419],{"id":418},"fouling-characteristics","Fouling characteristics",[56,421,422],{},"The fouling pattern depends on the source process:",[77,424,425,431,437,442],{},[80,426,427,430],{},[60,428,429],{},"Claus SRU WHB"," — sulphur and ammonium-salt deposits on the tube sheet and economiser",[80,432,433,436],{},[60,434,435],{},"Sulphuric-acid plant WHB"," — sulphate and sulphuric-acid mist below the dew point",[80,438,439,109],{},[60,440,441],{},"BOF WHB",[80,443,444,447],{},[60,445,446],{},"Metallurgical off-gas WHB"," — variable, depends on metal being processed",[69,449,213],{"id":212},[56,451,452,454],{},[93,453,127],{"href":126}," on WHB economiser sections and downstream dust hoppers are common where the process side produces particulate-laden gas. Particularly valuable on SRU WHBs where ammonium-salt deposits consolidate quickly and resist conventional cleaning.",[69,456,132],{"id":131},[77,458,459,464,469,475],{},[80,460,461],{},[93,462,463],{"href":405},"Claus unit \u002F sulphur recovery unit (SRU)",[80,465,466],{},[93,467,468],{"href":413},"Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)",[80,470,471],{},[93,472,474],{"href":473},"\u002Fglossary\u002Feconomiser","Economiser",[80,476,477],{},[93,478,240],{"href":126},{"title":153,"searchDepth":154,"depth":154,"links":480},[481,482,483],{"id":418,"depth":154,"text":419},{"id":212,"depth":154,"text":213},{"id":131,"depth":154,"text":132},"A waste-heat boiler (WHB) is a tube-bundle steam generator that recovers heat from a process gas stream — typically Claus SRU exhaust, sulphuric-acid plant SO₃ converter outlet, BOF off-gas, or similar process-side energy source — to generate steam for site use. Distinct from a heat-recovery steam generator (HRSG), which serves gas-turbine exhaust.",{},[487,488,489,251],"claus-unit-sulphur-recovery-unit","heat-recovery-steam-generator","economiser",{"title":491,"description":492},"Waste-heat boiler (WHB) — process-heat recovery in refineries and metallurgical plants","A waste-heat boiler recovers heat from a process gas stream — Claus SRU exhaust, BOF off-gas, sulphuric-acid converter — to generate steam. Fouling pattern depends on the source process.",[494],{"title":495,"url":496},"Wikipedia — Waste heat recovery unit","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWaste_heat_recovery_unit","glossary\u002Fwaste-heat-boiler","2pH20pGkFtuT91_SNpSAZ1k0VF0Mswz7Q8G-CfLNgFQ",1782613756383]